lonely-tiger/Compiler.c

#include <setjmp.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "Compiler.h"
#include "DataType.h"
#include "tokenizer/Tokenizer.h"
#include "utils/Functions.h"
#include "utils/Variables.h"
#include "vm/Operation.h"

#define ERROR_LENGTH 256
#define RETURN_BUFFER 16
#define BREAK_BUFFER 32

#define DT_OPERATION(op)                                                       \
    case DT_INT: cAddOperation(OP_##op##_INT); break;                          \
    case DT_BOOL: cAddOperation(OP_##op##_BOOL); break;                        \
    case DT_FLOAT: cAddOperation(OP_##op##_FLOAT); break;

static jmp_buf errorJump;
static char error[ERROR_LENGTH] = {'\0'};

static ByteCode* code;

static int16 line = 1;
static bool onLine = false;

static Variables vars;
static Functions functions;
static Functions functionQueue;
static Structs structs;

static int returns[RETURN_BUFFER];
static int returnIndex = 0;
static int hasReturn = 0;
static DataType returnType;

static int breaks[BREAK_BUFFER];
static int breakIndex = 0;
static int forWhileStack = 0;
static int continueAt = 0;

typedef struct {
    Operation intOp;
    Operation floatOp;
    Operation boolOp;
    Operation pointerOp;
    const char* name;
} TypedOp;

static const TypedOp TYPED_MUL = {OP_MUL_INT, OP_MUL_FLOAT, OP_NOTHING,
                                  OP_NOTHING, "*"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_DIV = {OP_DIV_INT, OP_DIV_FLOAT, OP_NOTHING,
                                  OP_NOTHING, "/"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_MOD = {OP_MOD_INT, OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING,
                                  OP_NOTHING, "%"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_ADD = {OP_ADD_INT, OP_ADD_FLOAT, OP_NOTHING,
                                  OP_NOTHING, "+"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_SUB = {OP_SUB_INT, OP_SUB_FLOAT, OP_NOTHING,
                                  OP_NOTHING, "-"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_LESS = {OP_LESS_INT, OP_LESS_FLOAT, OP_NOTHING,
                                   OP_NOTHING, "<"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_LESS_EQUAL = {OP_GREATER_INT, OP_GREATER_FLOAT,
                                         OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING, "<="};
static const TypedOp TYPED_GREATER = {OP_GREATER_INT, OP_GREATER_FLOAT,
                                      OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING, ">"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_GREATER_EQUAL = {OP_LESS_INT, OP_LESS_FLOAT,
                                            OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING, ">="};
static const TypedOp TYPED_EQUAL = {OP_EQUAL_INT, OP_EQUAL_FLOAT, OP_EQUAL_BOOL,
                                    OP_EQUAL_POINTER, "=="};
static const TypedOp TYPED_NOT_EQUAL = {OP_EQUAL_INT, OP_EQUAL_FLOAT,
                                        OP_EQUAL_BOOL, OP_EQUAL_POINTER, "!="};
static const TypedOp TYPED_BIT_OR = {OP_BIT_OR, OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING,
                                     OP_NOTHING, "|"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_BIT_XOR = {OP_BIT_XOR, OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING,
                                      OP_NOTHING, "^"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_BIT_AND = {OP_BIT_AND, OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING,
                                      OP_NOTHING, "&"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_LEFT_SHIFT = {OP_LEFT_SHIFT, OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING,
                                         OP_NOTHING, "<<"};
static const TypedOp TYPED_RIGHT_SHIFT = {OP_RIGHT_SHIFT, OP_NOTHING,
                                          OP_NOTHING, OP_NOTHING, ">>"};

static void cError(const char* format, ...) {
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, format);
    vsnprintf(error, ERROR_LENGTH, format, args);
    va_end(args);
    longjmp(errorJump, 0);
}

static const char* cGetName(DataType dt) {
    return dtGetName(&structs, dt);
}

static void cInvalidOperation(DataType a, DataType b, const char* op) {
    cError("invalid operation: %s %s %s", cGetName(a), op, cGetName(b));
}

static void cNotDeclared(const char* name) {
    cError("variable %s has not been declared", name);
}

static void cDeclared(const char* name) {
    cError("%s has already been declared", name);
}

static void cTooMuchArguments() {
    cError("too much function arguments");
}

static void cUnexpectedToken(Token t) {
    cError("unexpected token on line %d: %s", line, tGetName(t));
}

static void cAddOperation(Operation token) {
    unsigned char c = token;
    bcAddBytes(code, &c, 1);
}

static int cReserveInt() {
    return bcReserveBytes(code, sizeof(int));
}

static void cSetInt(int p, int i) {
    bcSetBytes(code, p, &i, sizeof(int));
}

static void cAddInt(int i) {
    bcAddBytes(code, &i, sizeof(int));
}

static void cAddIntOperation(Operation token, int i) {
    cAddOperation(token);
    cAddInt(i);
}

static void cAddByteOperation(Operation token, char c) {
    cAddOperation(token);
    bcAddBytes(code, &c, sizeof(char));
}

static void cAddInt16(int16 i) {
    bcAddBytes(code, &i, sizeof(int16));
}

static Token cReadTokenAndLine() {
    hasReturn--;
    Token t = tReadToken();
    if(tReadInt16(&line)) {
        return t;
    }
    return T_END;
}

static void cConsumeToken(Token wanted) {
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    if(wanted != t) {
        cError("unexpected token on line %d: expected '%s' got '%s'", line,
               tGetName(wanted), tGetName(t));
    }
}

static bool cConsumeTokenIf(Token t) {
    if(tPeekToken() == t) {
        cReadTokenAndLine();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

static void cConstantInt() {
    int value;
    if(!tReadInt(&value)) {
        cError("int token without an int on line %d", line);
    }
    cAddIntOperation(OP_PUSH_INT, value);
}

static void cConstantFloat() {
    float value;
    if(!tReadFloat(&value)) {
        cError("float token without a float on line %d", line);
    }
    cAddOperation(OP_PUSH_FLOAT);
    bcAddBytes(code, &value, sizeof(float));
}

static const char* cReadString() {
    int length;
    const char* literal = tReadString(&length);
    if(literal == NULL) {
        cError("literal without string on line %d", line);
    }
    return literal;
}

static DataType cExpression();

static void cLoadRef(DataType type) {
    if(dtIsPointer(type)) {
        cAddOperation(OP_REFERENCE);
        return;
    }
    switch(type.type) {
        DT_OPERATION(LOAD);
        case DT_STRUCT:
            {
                Struct* st = dtGetStruct(&structs, type);
                if(st == NULL) {
                    cError("compiler struct error");
                }
                cAddIntOperation(OP_LOAD, dtGetSize(type, &structs));
                break;
            }
        default: cError("cannot load type %s", cGetName(type));
    }
}

static DataType cUnpack(DataType dt) {
    if(dtRemoveVariable(&dt)) {
        cLoadRef(dt);
    }
    return dt;
}

static DataType cUnpackedExpression() {
    return cUnpack(cExpression());
}

static void cCallFunctionArguments(Function* f) {
    while(!cConsumeTokenIf(T_CLOSE_BRACKET)) {
        DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
        if(fAddArgument(f, dt, &structs)) {
            cTooMuchArguments();
        }
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_COMMA) && tPeekToken() == T_CLOSE_BRACKET) {
            cUnexpectedToken(tPeekToken());
        }
    }
}

static DataType cCallFunction(const char* name) {
    cAddIntOperation(OP_PUSH_INT, 0);
    Function f;
    fInit(&f, name, line);
    cCallFunctionArguments(&f);
    cAddOperation(OP_GOSUB);
    Function* found = fsSearch(&functions, &f);
    if(found == NULL) {
        cError("unknown function");
    }
    if(found->address == -1) {
        f.returnType = found->returnType;
        f.address = cReserveInt();
        fsAdd(&functionQueue, &f);
    } else {
        cAddInt(found->address);
    }
    cAddInt(found->size);
    return found->returnType;
}

static void cStore(DataType left, DataType right, const char* name) {
    if(!dtCompare(left, right)) {
        cInvalidOperation(left, right, name);
    }
    if(dtIsPointer(left)) {
        cAddOperation(OP_STORE_POINTER);
        return;
    }
    switch(left.type) {
        DT_OPERATION(STORE);
        default: cError("cannot store type %s", cGetName(left));
    }
}

static DataType cLiteral() {
    const char* literal = cReadString();
    if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_OPEN_BRACKET)) {
        return cCallFunction(literal);
    }
    Variable v;
    if(vsSearch(&vars, &v, literal)) {
        cNotDeclared(literal);
    }
    cAddIntOperation(OP_DEREFERENCE_VAR, v.address);
    return dtToVariable(v.type);
}

static DataType cBracketPrimary() {
    DataType result = cExpression();
    cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_BRACKET);
    return result;
}

static DataType cExtendType(DataType dt) {
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_MUL)) {
        dt = dtDereference(dt);
    }
    return dt;
}

static DataType cReadType() {
    DataType dt = dtVoid();
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    switch(t) {
        case T_INT: dt = dtInt(); break;
        case T_BOOL: dt = dtBool(); break;
        case T_FLOAT: dt = dtFloat(); break;
        case T_LITERAL:
            {
                const char* name = cReadString();
                Struct* st = stsSearch(&structs, name);
                if(st == NULL) {
                    cError("struct %s does not exist");
                }
                dt = dtStruct(st);
                break;
            }
        default: cUnexpectedToken(t);
    }
    return cExtendType(dt);
}

static DataType cAllocArray() {
    DataType dt = cReadType();
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_SQUARE_BRACKET);
    DataType index = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtCompare(index, dtInt())) {
        cError("array size must be an int");
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_SQUARE_BRACKET);
    cAddIntOperation(OP_NEW, dtGetSize(dt, &structs));
    return dtDereference(dt);
}

static DataType cLength() {
    DataType pointer = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtIsPointer(pointer)) {
        cError("length expects a pointer");
    }
    cAddOperation(OP_LENGTH);
    return dtInt();
}

static DataType cPrimary() {
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    switch(t) {
        case T_CONST_INT: cConstantInt(); return dtInt();
        case T_CONST_FLOAT: cConstantFloat(); return dtFloat();
        case T_TRUE: cAddOperation(OP_PUSH_TRUE); return dtBool();
        case T_FALSE: cAddOperation(OP_PUSH_FALSE); return dtBool();
        case T_OPEN_BRACKET: return cBracketPrimary();
        case T_LITERAL: return cLiteral();
        case T_NEW: return cAllocArray();
        case T_LENGTH: return cLength();
        default: cUnexpectedToken(t); return dtVoid();
    }
}

static void cPostChange(DataType* dt, int change, const char* name) {
    if(!dtRemoveVariable(dt) || !dtCompare(*dt, dtInt())) {
        cError("%s needs an int reference", name);
    } else if(onLine) {
        cAddByteOperation(OP_INT_CHANGE, change);
        *dt = dtVoid();
    } else {
        cAddByteOperation(OP_PUSH_POST_INT_CHANGE, change);
    }
}

static DataType cStructAccess(DataType dt, int pointers) {
    Struct* st = dtGetStruct(&structs, dt);
    if(st == NULL || dt.pointers != pointers) {
        cError(pointers == 0 ? ". expects a struct" : "-> expects a struct*");
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    const char* name = cReadString();
    Variable inner;
    if(vSearchStruct(&inner, &structs, st, name)) {
        cError("%s has no member %s", st->name, name);
    }
    if(inner.address > 0) {
        cAddIntOperation(OP_PUSH_INT, inner.address);
        cAddOperation(OP_ADD_REFERENCE);
    }
    return dtToVariable(inner.type);
}

static DataType cAccess() {
    DataType dt = cPrimary();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_INCREMENT)) {
            cPostChange(&dt, 1, "++");
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_DECREMENT)) {
            cPostChange(&dt, -1, "--");
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_POINT)) {
            if(!dtRemoveVariable(&dt)) {
                cError(". expects a reference");
            }
            dt = cStructAccess(dt, 0);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_ARROW)) {
            dt = cStructAccess(cUnpack(dt), 1);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_OPEN_SQUARE_BRACKET)) {
            dt = cUnpack(dt);
            if(!dtIsPointer(dt)) {
                cError("[] needs a pointer");
            }
            DataType index = cUnpackedExpression();
            if(!dtCompare(index, dtInt())) {
                cError("array index must be an int");
            }
            cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_SQUARE_BRACKET);
            cAddOperation(OP_ADD_REFERENCE);
            dt = dtToVariable(dtReference(dt));
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return dt;
}

static DataType cPreChange(DataType dt, int change, const char* name) {
    if(!dtRemoveVariable(&dt) || !dtCompare(dt, dtInt())) {
        cError("%s needs an int reference", name);
    }
    if(onLine) {
        cAddByteOperation(OP_INT_CHANGE, change);
        return dtVoid();
    }
    cAddByteOperation(OP_PUSH_PRE_INT_CHANGE, change);
    return dt;
}

static DataType cPreUnary() {
    if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_INCREMENT)) {
        return cPreChange(cPreUnary(), 1, "++");
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_DECREMENT)) {
        return cPreChange(cPreUnary(), -1, "--");
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_SUB)) {
        DataType dt = cUnpack(cPreUnary());
        if(dtCompare(dt, dtInt())) {
            cAddOperation(OP_INVERT_SIGN_INT);
        } else if(dtCompare(dt, dtFloat())) {
            cAddOperation(OP_INVERT_SIGN_FLOAT);
        } else {
            cError("cannot invert sign of %s", cGetName(dt));
        }
        return dt;
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_NOT)) {
        DataType dt = cPreUnary();
        if(!dtCompare(dt, dtBool())) {
            cError("! needs a bool not %s", cGetName(dt));
        }
        cAddOperation(OP_NOT);
        return dt;
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_BIT_NOT)) {
        DataType dt = cPreUnary();
        if(!dtCompare(dt, dtInt())) {
            cError("~ needs an int not %s", cGetName(dt));
        }
        cAddOperation(OP_BIT_NOT);
        return dt;
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_BIT_AND)) {
        DataType dt = cPreUnary();
        if(!dtRemoveVariable(&dt)) {
            cError("& needs a reference");
        }
        return dtDereference(dt);
    } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_MUL)) {
        DataType dt = cPreUnary();
        if(!dtIsPointer(dt)) {
            cError("* expects a pointer");
        }
        dt = dtReference(dt);
        if(!dtIsPointer(dt) && !dtIsVariable(dt)) {
            dt = dtToVariable(dt);
        } else {
            cAddOperation(OP_REFERENCE);
        }
        return dt;
    }
    return cAccess();
}

static void cAddTypeOperation(DataType a, DataType b, const TypedOp* op) {
    if(dtCompare(a, dtInt()) && dtCompare(b, dtInt()) &&
       op->intOp != OP_NOTHING) {
        cAddOperation(op->intOp);
    } else if(dtCompare(a, dtFloat()) && dtCompare(b, dtFloat()) &&
              op->floatOp != OP_NOTHING) {
        cAddOperation(op->floatOp);
    } else if(dtCompare(a, dtBool()) && dtCompare(b, dtBool()) &&
              op->boolOp != OP_NOTHING) {
        cAddOperation(op->boolOp);
    } else if(dtCompare(a, b) && dtIsPointer(a) &&
              op->pointerOp != OP_NOTHING) {
        cAddOperation(op->pointerOp);
    } else {
        cInvalidOperation(a, b, op->name);
    }
}

static DataType cMul() {
    DataType a = cPreUnary();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_MUL)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cPreUnary()), &TYPED_MUL);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_DIV)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cPreUnary()), &TYPED_DIV);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_MOD)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cPreUnary()), &TYPED_MOD);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cAdd() {
    DataType a = cMul();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_ADD)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cMul()), &TYPED_ADD);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_SUB)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cMul()), &TYPED_SUB);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cShift() {
    DataType a = cAdd();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_LEFT_SHIFT)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cAdd()), &TYPED_LEFT_SHIFT);
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_RIGHT_SHIFT)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cAdd()), &TYPED_RIGHT_SHIFT);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cComparison() {
    DataType a = cShift();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_LESS)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cShift()), &TYPED_LESS);
            a = dtBool();
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_LESS_EQUAL)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cShift()), &TYPED_LESS_EQUAL);
            cAddOperation(OP_NOT);
            a = dtBool();
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_GREATER)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cShift()), &TYPED_GREATER);
            a = dtBool();
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_GREATER_EQUAL)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cShift()), &TYPED_GREATER_EQUAL);
            cAddOperation(OP_NOT);
            a = dtBool();
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cEqual() {
    DataType a = cComparison();
    while(true) {
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_EQUAL)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cComparison()), &TYPED_EQUAL);
            a = dtBool();
        } else if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_NOT_EQUAL)) {
            a = cUnpack(a);
            cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cComparison()), &TYPED_NOT_EQUAL);
            cAddOperation(OP_NOT);
            a = dtBool();
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cBitAnd() {
    DataType a = cEqual();
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_BIT_AND)) {
        a = cUnpack(a);
        cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cEqual()), &TYPED_BIT_AND);
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cBitXor() {
    DataType a = cBitAnd();
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_BIT_XOR)) {
        a = cUnpack(a);
        cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cBitAnd()), &TYPED_BIT_XOR);
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cBitOr() {
    DataType a = cBitXor();
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_BIT_OR)) {
        a = cUnpack(a);
        cAddTypeOperation(a, cUnpack(cBitXor()), &TYPED_BIT_OR);
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cAnd() {
    DataType a = cBitOr();
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_AND)) {
        a = cUnpack(a);
        cAddOperation(OP_PEEK_FALSE_GOTO);
        int p = cReserveInt();
        DataType b = cUnpack(cBitOr());
        if(!dtCompare(a, dtBool()) || !dtCompare(b, dtBool())) {
            cInvalidOperation(a, b, "&&");
        }
        cAddOperation(OP_AND);
        cSetInt(p, code->length);
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cOr() {
    DataType a = cAnd();
    while(cConsumeTokenIf(T_OR)) {
        a = cUnpack(a);
        cAddOperation(OP_PEEK_TRUE_GOTO);
        int p = cReserveInt();
        DataType b = cUnpack(cAnd());
        if(!dtCompare(a, dtBool()) || !dtCompare(b, dtBool())) {
            cInvalidOperation(a, b, "||");
        }
        cAddOperation(OP_OR);
        cSetInt(p, code->length);
    }
    return a;
}

static DataType cExpression() {
    return cOr();
}

static void cOperationSet(DataType left, const TypedOp* op) {
    cAddOperation(OP_DUPLICATE_REFERENCE);
    cLoadRef(left);
    DataType right = cUnpackedExpression();
    cAddTypeOperation(left, right, op);
    cStore(left, right, "=");
}

static void cAddPostLineChange(DataType dt, int change, const char* name) {
    if(!dtCompare(dt, dtInt())) {
        cError("%s needs an int", name);
    }
    cAddByteOperation(OP_INT_CHANGE, change);
}

static void cDeclareStruct(Struct* st) {
    DataType dt = cExtendType(dtStruct(st));
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    const char* var = cReadString();
    if(vsInScope(&vars, var)) {
        cDeclared(var);
    }
    Variable* v = vsAdd(&vars, var, dt, &structs);
    if(dtIsPointer(dt)) {
        cConsumeToken(T_SET);
        cAddIntOperation(OP_DEREFERENCE_VAR, v->address);
        cStore(v->type, cUnpackedExpression(), "=");
    }
}

static void cLine();

static void cConsumeBody() {
    int oldLine = line;
    while(!cConsumeTokenIf(T_CLOSE_CURVED_BRACKET)) {
        if(tPeekToken() == T_END) {
            line = oldLine;
            cError("unexpected end of file: non closed curved bracket");
        }
        cLine();
    }
}

static void cConsumeScope() {
    Scope scope;
    vsEnterScope(&vars, &scope);
    cConsumeBody();
    vsLeaveScope(&vars, &scope);
}

static void cAddReturn(Operation op) {
    cAddOperation(op);
    returns[returnIndex++] = cReserveInt();
}

static void cReturn() {
    if(returnIndex >= RETURN_BUFFER) {
        cError("too much returns in function");
    }
    if(dtCompare(returnType, dtVoid())) {
        cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
        cAddReturn(OP_RETURN);
        hasReturn = 2;
        return;
    }
    DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtCompare(dt, returnType)) {
        cError("wrong return type, should be %s", cGetName(returnType));
    }
    if(dtCompare(dt, dtInt())) {
        cAddReturn(OP_RETURN_INT);
    } else if(dtCompare(dt, dtBool())) {
        cAddReturn(OP_RETURN_BOOL);
    } else if(dtCompare(dt, dtFloat())) {
        cAddReturn(OP_RETURN_FLOAT);
    } else {
        cError("cannot return %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
    hasReturn = 2;
}

static void cPrint() {
    DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(dtIsPointer(dt)) {
        cAddOperation(OP_PRINT_POINTER);
        cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
        return;
    }
    switch(dt.type) {
        DT_OPERATION(PRINT);
        default: cError("cannot print type %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
}

static void cIf() {
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_BRACKET);
    DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtCompare(dt, dtBool())) {
        cError("if expects a bool not %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_BRACKET);
    cAddOperation(OP_IF_GOTO);
    int ifP = cReserveInt();
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
    cConsumeScope();
    cSetInt(ifP, code->length);

    if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_ELSE)) {
        cAddOperation(OP_GOTO);
        int elseP = cReserveInt();
        cSetInt(ifP, code->length);
        if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_IF)) {
            cIf();
        } else {
            cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
            cConsumeScope();
        }
        cSetInt(elseP, code->length);
    }
}

static void cConsumeBreaks(int start, int address) {
    for(int i = start; i < breakIndex; i++) {
        cSetInt(breaks[i], address);
    }
    breakIndex = start;
}

static void cWhile() {
    int start = code->length;
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_BRACKET);
    DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtCompare(dt, dtBool())) {
        cError("while expects a bool not %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_BRACKET);
    cAddOperation(OP_IF_GOTO);
    int ifP = cReserveInt();
    int breakStart = breakIndex;
    forWhileStack++;
    int oldContinue = continueAt;
    continueAt = start;
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
    cConsumeScope();
    continueAt = oldContinue;
    forWhileStack--;
    cAddIntOperation(OP_GOTO, start);
    cSetInt(ifP, code->length);
    cConsumeBreaks(breakStart, code->length);
}

static void cDeclare(DataType dt) {
    dt = cExtendType(dt);
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    const char* var = cReadString();
    if(vsInScope(&vars, var)) {
        cDeclared(var);
    }
    Variable* v = vsAdd(&vars, var, dt, &structs);
    cConsumeToken(T_SET);
    cAddIntOperation(OP_DEREFERENCE_VAR, v->address);
    cStore(v->type, cUnpackedExpression(), "=");
}

static void cDelete() {
    DataType pointer = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtIsPointer(pointer)) {
        cError("delete expects a pointer");
    }
    cAddOperation(OP_DELETE);
}

static void cSetVariable() {
    onLine = true;
    DataType dt = cPreUnary();
    onLine = false;
    if(dtCompare(dt, dtVoid())) {
        return;
    }
    if(!dtRemoveVariable(&dt)) {
        cError("return value not used: %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    switch(t) {
        case T_SET: cStore(dt, cUnpackedExpression(), "="); break;
        case T_ADD_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_ADD); break;
        case T_SUB_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_SUB); break;
        case T_MUL_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_MUL); break;
        case T_DIV_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_DIV); break;
        case T_MOD_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_MOD); break;
        case T_BIT_AND_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_BIT_AND); break;
        case T_BIT_OR_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_BIT_OR); break;
        case T_BIT_XOR_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_BIT_XOR); break;
        case T_LEFT_SHIFT_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_LEFT_SHIFT); break;
        case T_RIGHT_SHIFT_SET: cOperationSet(dt, &TYPED_RIGHT_SHIFT); break;
        case T_INCREMENT: cAddPostLineChange(dt, 1, "++"); break;
        case T_DECREMENT: cAddPostLineChange(dt, -1, "--"); break;
        default: cUnexpectedToken(t);
    }
}

static void cLineExpression() {
    int marker = tGetMarker();
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    if(t == T_LITERAL) {
        const char* literal = cReadString();
        Struct* st = stsSearch(&structs, literal);
        if(st != NULL) {
            cDeclareStruct(st);
            return;
        }
    }
    switch(t) {
        case T_INT: cDeclare(dtInt()); break;
        case T_BOOL: cDeclare(dtBool()); break;
        case T_FLOAT: cDeclare(dtFloat()); break;
        case T_DELETE: cDelete(); break;
        default: tReset(marker); cSetVariable();
    }
}

static void cFor() {
    Scope scope;
    vsEnterScope(&vars, &scope);

    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_BRACKET);
    cLineExpression();
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
    int startCheck = code->length;
    DataType dt = cUnpackedExpression();
    if(!dtCompare(dt, dtBool())) {
        cError("for expects a bool not %s", cGetName(dt));
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
    cAddOperation(OP_IF_GOTO);
    int end = cReserveInt();
    cAddOperation(OP_GOTO);
    int beginBody = cReserveInt();
    int startPerLoop = code->length;
    cLineExpression();
    cAddIntOperation(OP_GOTO, startCheck);
    cConsumeToken(T_CLOSE_BRACKET);
    cSetInt(beginBody, code->length);
    int breakStart = breakIndex;
    forWhileStack++;
    int oldContinue = continueAt;
    continueAt = startPerLoop;
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
    cConsumeBody();
    continueAt = oldContinue;
    forWhileStack--;
    cAddIntOperation(OP_GOTO, startPerLoop);
    cSetInt(end, code->length);
    cConsumeBreaks(breakStart, code->length);

    vsLeaveScope(&vars, &scope);
}

static void cBreak() {
    if(forWhileStack == 0) {
        cError("break without for or while on line %d", line);
    } else if(breakIndex >= BREAK_BUFFER) {
        cError("too much breaks around line %d", line);
    }
    cAddOperation(OP_GOTO);
    breaks[breakIndex++] = cReserveInt();
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
}

static void cContinue() {
    if(forWhileStack == 0) {
        cError("continue without for or while on line %d", line);
    }
    cAddIntOperation(OP_GOTO, continueAt);
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
}

static void cLine() {
    int marker = tGetMarker();
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    cAddOperation(OP_LINE);
    cAddInt16(line);
    switch(t) {
        case T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET: cConsumeScope(); break;
        case T_PRINT: cPrint(); break;
        case T_RETURN: cReturn(); break;
        case T_IF: cIf(); break;
        case T_WHILE: cWhile(); break;
        case T_FOR: cFor(); break;
        case T_BREAK: cBreak(); break;
        case T_CONTINUE: cContinue(); break;
        default:
            tReset(marker);
            cLineExpression();
            cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
    }
}

static void cFunctionArgument(Function* f);

static void cFunctionCommaOrEnd(Function* f) {
    if(cConsumeTokenIf(T_CLOSE_BRACKET)) {
        return;
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_COMMA);
    cFunctionArgument(f);
}

static void cFunctionAddArgument(Function* f, DataType dt) {
    dt = cExtendType(dt);
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    const char* name = cReadString();
    if(vsInScope(&vars, name)) {
        cDeclared(name);
    }
    vsAdd(&vars, name, dt, &structs);
    if(fAddArgument(f, dt, &structs)) {
        cTooMuchArguments();
    }
    cFunctionCommaOrEnd(f);
}

static void cFunctionArgument(Function* f) {
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    switch(t) {
        case T_INT: cFunctionAddArgument(f, dtInt()); break;
        case T_FLOAT: cFunctionAddArgument(f, dtFloat()); break;
        case T_BOOL: cFunctionAddArgument(f, dtBool()); break;
        case T_LITERAL:
            {
                const char* structName = cReadString();
                Struct* st = stsSearch(&structs, structName);
                if(st == NULL) {
                    cError("struct %s does not exist");
                }
                cFunctionAddArgument(f, dtStruct(st));
                break;
            }
        default: cUnexpectedToken(t);
    }
}

static void cFunctionArguments(Function* f) {
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_BRACKET);
    if(!cConsumeTokenIf(T_CLOSE_BRACKET)) {
        cFunctionArgument(f);
    }
}

static int cReserve(int offset) {
    cAddOperation(OP_RESERVE);
    int p = cReserveInt();
    cAddInt(offset);
    return p;
}

static void cFree(int p, int bytes) {
    cAddIntOperation(OP_RETURN, bytes);
    cSetInt(p, bytes);
}

static void cLinkReturns(int bytes) {
    for(int i = 0; i < returnIndex; i++) {
        cSetInt(returns[i], bytes);
    }
    returnIndex = 0;
}

static void cInnerFunction(Function* f) {
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
    int p = cReserve(f->size);
    returnIndex = 0;
    cConsumeScope();
    if(!dtCompare(returnType, dtVoid()) && hasReturn <= 0) {
        cError("missing return");
    }
    cFree(p, vars.maxAddress);
    cLinkReturns(vars.maxAddress);
}

static bool cForwardFunction(Function* found, Function* f) {
    if(!cConsumeTokenIf(T_SEMICOLON)) {
        return false;
    } else if(found != NULL) {
        cError("function registered twice");
    }
    f->address = -1;
    fsAdd(&functions, f);
    return true;
}

static void cBuildFunction(Function* f, DataType rType) {
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    fInit(f, cReadString(), line);
    f->returnType = rType;
    vsReset(&vars);
    cFunctionArguments(f);
}

static void cFunction(DataType rType) {
    Function f;
    cBuildFunction(&f, rType);
    Function* found = fsSearch(&functions, &f);
    if(cForwardFunction(found, &f)) {
        return;
    }
    cAddOperation(OP_LINE);
    cAddInt16(line);
    cAddOperation(OP_GOTO);
    int end = cReserveInt();
    f.address = code->length;
    if(found != NULL) {
        if(found->address == -1) {
            found->address = f.address;
        } else {
            cError("function registered twice");
        }
    } else {
        fsAdd(&functions, &f);
    }
    returnType = rType;
    cInnerFunction(&f);
    cSetInt(end, code->length);
}

static void cStruct() {
    cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
    const char* name = cReadString();
    if(stsSearch(&structs, name) != NULL) {
        cError("struct registered twice");
    }
    Struct* st = stsAdd(&structs, name);
    DataType self = dtStruct(st);
    cConsumeToken(T_OPEN_CURVED_BRACKET);
    while(!cConsumeTokenIf(T_CLOSE_CURVED_BRACKET)) {
        DataType dt = cReadType();
        if(dtCompare(dt, self)) {
            cError("struct %s contains itself", name);
        }
        cConsumeToken(T_LITERAL);
        const char* name = cReadString();
        stAddVariable(st, name, dt);
        cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
    }
    cConsumeToken(T_SEMICOLON);
}

static void cGlobalScope(Token t) {
    switch(t) {
        case T_VOID: cFunction(dtVoid()); break;
        case T_INT: cFunction(dtInt()); break;
        case T_BOOL: cFunction(dtBool()); break;
        case T_FLOAT: cFunction(dtFloat()); break;
        case T_STRUCT: cStruct(); break;
        default: cUnexpectedToken(t);
    }
}

static void cCallMain() {
    Function f;
    fInit(&f, "main", line);
    Function* found = fsSearch(&functions, &f);
    if(found != NULL && dtCompare(found->returnType, dtVoid())) {
        cAddIntOperation(OP_PUSH_INT, 0);
        cAddIntOperation(OP_GOSUB, found->address);
        cAddInt(found->size);
    }
}

static void cForEachLine() {
    Token t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    while(t != T_END) {
        cGlobalScope(t);
        t = cReadTokenAndLine();
    }
    cCallMain();
}

static void cLinkQueuedFunctions() {
    for(int i = 0; i < functionQueue.entries; i++) {
        Function* f = functionQueue.data + i;
        Function* found = fsSearch(&functions, f);
        if(found == NULL) {
            line = f->line;
            cError("unknown function");
        } else if(!dtCompare(f->returnType, found->returnType)) {
            line = f->line;
            cError("function return type is not %s", cGetName(f->returnType));
        }
        cSetInt(f->address, found->address);
    }
}

static void cAllocAndCompile() {
    forWhileStack = 0;
    breakIndex = 0;
    returnType = dtVoid();
    onLine = false;
    vsInit(&vars);
    fsInit(&functions);
    fsInit(&functionQueue);
    stsInit(&structs);
    if(!setjmp(errorJump)) {
        cForEachLine();
        cLinkQueuedFunctions();
    }
    stsDelete(&structs);
    fsDelete(&functionQueue);
    fsDelete(&functions);
    vsDelete(&vars);
}

ByteCode* cCompile() {
    error[0] = '\0';
    code = bcInit();
    cAllocAndCompile();
    if(error[0] != '\0') {
        bcDelete(code);
        return NULL;
    }
    return code;
}

const char* cGetError() {
    return error;
}

int cGetLine() {
    return line;
}