drop compatibility with python3.9

.github/workflows/python.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+---
 # sync with https://github.com/fphammerle/ical2vdir/blob/master/.github/workflows/python.yml
 
 # https://help.github.com/en/actions/reference/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   code-format:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix: {python-version: ['3.13']}
     steps:
@@ -29,11 +30,10 @@ jobs:
     - run: pipenv graph
     - run: pipenv run black --check .
   tests:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
         python-version:
-        - '3.9'
         - '3.10'
         - '3.11'
         - '3.12'
@@ -57,8 +57,7 @@ jobs:
       env:
         PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - run: pipenv graph
-    - run: >-
-        pipenv run pytest --cov="$(cat *.egg-info/top_level.txt)"
+    - run: pipenv run pytest --cov="$(cat *.egg-info/top_level.txt)"
         --cov-report=term-missing --cov-fail-under=100
     - run: pipenv run pylint "$(cat *.egg-info/top_level.txt)"
     # https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/issues/352

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
 ## [Unreleased]
+### Removed
+- compatibility with `python3.9`
 
 ## [1.2.0] - 2025-09-07
 ## Added

Pipfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [[source]]
+name = "pypi"
 url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
 verify_ssl = true
-name = "pypi"
 
 [packages]
 systemctl-mqtt = {editable = true, path = "."}
@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ pytest = "*"
 pytest-asyncio = "*"
 pytest-cov = "*"
 
-# python<3.11 compatibility
+# python3.10 compatibility
+# >   File "…/python3.10/site-packages/pytest_asyncio/plugin.py", line 60, in …
+# >     from backports.asyncio.runner import Runner
+# > ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'backports'
+"backports.asyncio.runner" = {markers = "python_version < '3.11'"}
 # >    File "[...]/lib/python3.10/site-packages/_pytest/_code/code.py", line 60, in <module>
 # >     from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
 # > ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'exceptiongroup'
@@ -23,11 +27,6 @@ exceptiongroup = {markers = "python_version < '3.11'"}
 # >     import tomli as tomllib
 # > ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tomli'
 tomli = {markers = "python_version < '3.11'"}
-# remove `"markers": "python_version >= '3.11'"` to workaround:
-# >   File "[...]/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pylint/lint/parallel.py", line 13, in <module>
-# >     import dill
-# > ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dill'
-dill = {markers = "python_version >= '0'"}
 
 [requires]
 python_version = "3"

Pipfile.lock

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
     "_meta": {
         "hash": {
-            "sha256": "915d7f16e1258ec66edd3c4f4fd972f563e23fc0e9f8f56eabd41bcb76c56821"
+            "sha256": "1f3cb39f0fdfd1e235c28f26842ebdcb4728fd99065001685283009066c7fcec"
         },
         "pipfile-spec": 6,
         "requires": {
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
     "default": {
         "aiomqtt": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:127926717bd6b012d1630f9087f24552eb9c4af58205bc2964f09d6e304f7e63",
-                "sha256:312feebe20bc76dc7c20916663011f3bd37aa6f42f9f687a19a1c58308d80d47"
+                "sha256:721296e2b79df5f6c7c4dfc91700ae0166953a4127735c92637859619dbd84e4",
+                "sha256:ab0f18fc5b7ffaa57451c407417d674db837b00a9c7d953cccd02be64f046c17"
             ],
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.8' and python_version < '4.0'",
-            "version": "==2.3.0"
+            "version": "==2.4.0"
         },
         "jeepney": {
             "hashes": [
@@ -48,152 +48,168 @@
     "develop": {
         "astroid": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1e5a5011af2920c7c67a53f65d536d65bfa7116feeaf2354d8b94f29573bb0ce",
-                "sha256:54c760ae8322ece1abd213057c4b5bba7c49818853fc901ef09719a60dbf9dec"
+                "sha256:ac8fb7ca1c08eb9afec91ccc23edbd8ac73bb22cbdd7da1d488d9fb8d6579070",
+                "sha256:d7546c00a12efc32650b19a2bb66a153883185d3179ab0d4868086f807338b9b"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.9.0'",
-            "version": "==3.3.11"
+            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.10.0'",
+            "version": "==4.0.2"
+        },
+        "backports.asyncio.runner": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:a5aa7b2b7d8f8bfcaa2b57313f70792df84e32a2a746f585213373f900b42162",
+                "sha256:0da0a936a8aeb554eccb426dc55af3ba63bcdc69fa1a600b5bb305413a4477b5"
+            ],
+            "markers": "python_version < '3.11'",
+            "version": "==1.2.0"
         },
         "black": {
             "hashes": [
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+                "sha256:0a1d40348b6621cc20d3d7530a5b8d67e9714906dfd7346338249ad9c6cedf2b",
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+                "sha256:d81a44cbc7e4f73a9d6ae449ec2317ad81512d1e7dce7d57f6333fd6259737bc",
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             ],
             "index": "pypi",
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==25.9.0"
+            "version": "==25.11.0"
         },
         "click": {
             "hashes": [
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             ],
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
-            "version": "==8.3.0"
+            "version": "==8.3.1"
         },
         "coverage": {
             "extras": [
                 "toml"
             ],
             "hashes": [
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+                "sha256:bb9d7efdb063903b3fdf77caec7b77c3066885068bdc0d44bc1b0c171033f944",
+                "sha256:c0a3b6e32457535df0d41d2d895da46434706dd85dbaf53fbc0d3bd7d914b362",
+                "sha256:c381a252317f63ca0179d2c7918e83b99a4ff3101e1b24849b999a00f9cd4f86",
+                "sha256:c713c1c528284d636cd37723b0b4c35c11190da6f932794e145fc40f8210a14a",
+                "sha256:c8be5bfcdc7832011b2652db29ed7672ce9d353dd19bce5272ca33dbcf60aaa8",
+                "sha256:c8f563b245b4ddb591e99f28e3cd140b85f114b38b7f95b2e42542f0603eb7d7",
+                "sha256:ca90ef33a152205fb6f2f0c1f3e55c50df4ef049bb0940ebba666edd4cdebc55",
+                "sha256:d60bf4d7f886989ddf80e121a7f4d140d9eac91f1d2385ce8eb6bda93d563297",
+                "sha256:d8750dd20362a1b80e3cf84f58013d4672f89663aee457ea59336df50fab6739",
+                "sha256:dd9ca2d44ed8018c90efb72f237a2a140325a4c3339971364d758e78b175f58e",
+                "sha256:e22539b676fafba17f0a90ac725f029a309eb6e483f364c86dcadee060429d46",
+                "sha256:e2a96fdc7643c9517a317553aca13b5cae9bad9a5f32f4654ce247ae4d321405",
+                "sha256:e5f4bfac975a2138215a38bda599ef00162e4143541cf7dd186da10a7f8e69f1",
+                "sha256:e8feeb5e8705835f0622af0fe7ff8d5cb388948454647086494d6c41ec142c2e",
+                "sha256:eb5069074db19a534de3859c43eec78e962d6d119f637c41c8e028c5ab3f59dd",
+                "sha256:f0b4101e2b3c6c352ff1f70b3a6fcc7c17c1ab1a91ccb7a33013cb0782af9820",
+                "sha256:f761dbcf45e9416ec4698e1a7649248005f0064ce3523a47402d1bff4af2779e",
+                "sha256:f9c96a29c6d65bd36a91f5634fef800212dff69dacdb44345c4c9783943ab0df",
+                "sha256:fb58da65e3339b3dbe266b607bb936efb983d86b00b03eb04c4ad5b442c58428",
+                "sha256:fbffc22d80d86fbe456af9abb17f7a7766e7b2101f7edaacc3535501691563f7",
+                "sha256:fdc5255eb4815babcdf236fa1a806ccb546724c8a9b129fd1ea4a5448a0bf07c",
+                "sha256:fe3425dc6021f906c6325d3c415e048e7cdb955505a94f1eb774dafc779ba203"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==7.10.6"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
+            "version": "==7.11.3"
         },
         "dill": {
             "hashes": [
                 "sha256:0633f1d2df477324f53a895b02c901fb961bdbf65a17122586ea7019292cbcf0",
                 "sha256:44f54bf6412c2c8464c14e8243eb163690a9800dbe2c367330883b19c7561049"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '0' and python_version >= '0'",
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
             "version": "==0.4.0"
         },
         "exceptiongroup": {
@@ -207,19 +223,19 @@
         },
         "iniconfig": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3abbd2e30b36733fee78f9c7f7308f2d0050e88f0087fd25c2645f63c773e1c7",
-                "sha256:9deba5723312380e77435581c6bf4935c94cbfab9b1ed33ef8d238ea168eb760"
+                "sha256:c76315c77db068650d49c5b56314774a7804df16fee4402c1f19d6d15d8c4730",
+                "sha256:f631c04d2c48c52b84d0d0549c99ff3859c98df65b3101406327ecc7d53fbf12"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
-            "version": "==2.1.0"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
+            "version": "==2.3.0"
         },
         "isort": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1cb5df28dfbc742e490c5e41bad6da41b805b0a8be7bc93cd0fb2a8a890ac450",
-                "sha256:2dc5d7f65c9678d94c88dfc29161a320eec67328bc97aad576874cb4be1e9615"
+                "sha256:1bcabac8bc3c36c7fb7b98a76c8abb18e0f841a3ba81decac7691008592499c1",
+                "sha256:5513527951aadb3ac4292a41a16cbc50dd1642432f5e8c20057d414bdafb4187"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.9.0'",
-            "version": "==6.0.1"
+            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.10.0'",
+            "version": "==7.0.0"
         },
         "mccabe": {
             "hashes": [
@@ -300,11 +316,11 @@
         },
         "platformdirs": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:abd01743f24e5287cd7a5db3752faf1a2d65353f38ec26d98e25a6db65958c85",
-                "sha256:ca753cf4d81dc309bc67b0ea38fd15dc97bc30ce419a7f58d13eb3bf14c4febf"
+                "sha256:70ddccdd7c99fc5942e9fc25636a8b34d04c24b335100223152c2803e4063312",
+                "sha256:e578a81bb873cbb89a41fcc904c7ef523cc18284b7e3b3ccf06aca1403b7ebd3"
             ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==4.4.0"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
+            "version": "==4.5.0"
         },
         "pluggy": {
             "hashes": [
@@ -324,30 +340,30 @@
         },
         "pylint": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:26698de19941363037e2937d3db9ed94fb3303fdadf7d98847875345a8bb6b05",
-                "sha256:7ef94aa692a600e82fabdd17102b73fc226758218c97473c7ad67bd4cb905d83"
+                "sha256:896d09afb0e78bbf2e030cd1f3d8dc92771a51f7e46828cbc3948a89cd03433a",
+                "sha256:a427fe76e0e5355e9fb9b604fd106c419cafb395886ba7f3cebebb03f30e081d"
             ],
             "index": "pypi",
-            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.9.0'",
-            "version": "==3.3.8"
+            "markers": "python_full_version >= '3.10.0'",
+            "version": "==4.0.3"
         },
         "pytest": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:86c0d0b93306b961d58d62a4db4879f27fe25513d4b969df351abdddb3c30e01",
-                "sha256:872f880de3fc3a5bdc88a11b39c9710c3497a547cfa9320bc3c5e62fbf272e79"
+                "sha256:3e9c069ea73583e255c3b21cf46b8d3c56f6e3a1a8f6da94ccb0fcf57b9d73c8",
+                "sha256:67be0030d194df2dfa7b556f2e56fb3c3315bd5c8822c6951162b92b32ce7dad"
             ],
             "index": "pypi",
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==8.4.2"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
+            "version": "==9.0.1"
         },
         "pytest-asyncio": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:4f024da9f1ef945e680dc68610b52550e36590a67fd31bb3b4943979a1f90ef3",
-                "sha256:d15463d13f4456e1ead2594520216b225a16f781e144f8fdf6c5bb4667c48b3f"
+                "sha256:611e26147c7f77640e6d0a92a38ed17c3e9848063698d5c93d5aa7aa11cebff5",
+                "sha256:d7f52f36d231b80ee124cd216ffb19369aa168fc10095013c6b014a34d3ee9e5"
             ],
             "index": "pypi",
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==1.0.0"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10'",
+            "version": "==1.3.0"
         },
         "pytest-cov": {
             "hashes": [
@@ -360,11 +376,11 @@
         },
         "pytokens": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:c9a4bfa0be1d26aebce03e6884ba454e842f186a59ea43a6d3b25af58223c044",
-                "sha256:db7b72284e480e69fb085d9f251f66b3d2df8b7166059261258ff35f50fb711b"
+                "sha256:2f932b14ed08de5fcf0b391ace2642f858f1394c0857202959000b68ed7a458a",
+                "sha256:95b2b5eaf832e469d141a378872480ede3f251a5a5041b8ec6e581d3ac71bbf3"
             ],
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
-            "version": "==0.1.10"
+            "version": "==0.3.0"
         },
         "tomli": {
             "hashes": [

setup.py

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ setuptools.setup(
         "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)",
         "Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux",
         # .github/workflows/python.yml
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -64,7 +63,9 @@ setuptools.setup(
     },
     # >=3.6 variable type hints, f-strings & * to force keyword-only arguments
     # >=3.8 importlib.metadata
-    python_requires=">=3.9",  # <3.9 untested
+    # >=3.9 type hints dict[…], list[…] & tuple[…] (PEP585)
+    # >=3.10 union types as X | Y (PEP604)
+    python_requires=">=3.10",
     # > Currently, the only main loop supported by dbus-python is GLib.
     # https://web.archive.org/web/20241228081405/https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-python/tutorial.html#setting-up-an-event-loop
     # PyGObject depends on pycairo

systemctl_mqtt/__init__.py

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ class _State:
         homeassistant_discovery_prefix: str,
         homeassistant_discovery_object_id: str,
         poweroff_delay: datetime.timedelta,
-        monitored_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
-        controlled_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
+        monitored_system_unit_names: list[str],
+        controlled_system_unit_names: list[str],
     ) -> None:
         self._mqtt_topic_prefix = mqtt_topic_prefix
         self._homeassistant_discovery_prefix = homeassistant_discovery_prefix
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class _State:
         self._login_manager = (
             systemctl_mqtt._dbus.login_manager.get_login_manager_proxy()
         )
-        self._shutdown_lock: typing.Optional[jeepney.fds.FileDescriptor] = None
+        self._shutdown_lock: jeepney.fds.FileDescriptor | None = None
         self._shutdown_lock_mutex = threading.Lock()
         self.poweroff_delay = poweroff_delay
         self._monitored_system_unit_names = monitored_system_unit_names
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ class _State:
         return self._mqtt_topic_prefix + "/unit/system/" + unit_name + "/restart"
 
     @property
-    def monitored_system_unit_names(self) -> typing.List[str]:
+    def monitored_system_unit_names(self) -> list[str]:
         return self._monitored_system_unit_names
 
     @property
-    def controlled_system_unit_names(self) -> typing.List[str]:
+    def controlled_system_unit_names(self) -> list[str]:
         return self._controlled_system_unit_names
 
     @property
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ _MQTT_TOPIC_SUFFIX_ACTION_MAPPING = {
 
 
 async def _mqtt_message_loop(*, state: _State, mqtt_client: aiomqtt.Client) -> None:
-    action_by_topic: typing.Dict[str, _MQTTAction] = {}
+    action_by_topic: dict[str, _MQTTAction] = {}
     for topic_suffix, action in _MQTT_TOPIC_SUFFIX_ACTION_MAPPING.items():
         topic = state.mqtt_topic_prefix + "/" + topic_suffix
         _LOGGER.info("subscribing to %s", topic)
@@ -496,14 +496,14 @@ async def _run(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
     *,
     mqtt_host: str,
     mqtt_port: int,
-    mqtt_username: typing.Optional[str],
-    mqtt_password: typing.Optional[str],
+    mqtt_username: str | None,
+    mqtt_password: str | None,
     mqtt_topic_prefix: str,
     homeassistant_discovery_prefix: str,
     homeassistant_discovery_object_id: str,
     poweroff_delay: datetime.timedelta,
-    monitored_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
-    controlled_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
+    monitored_system_unit_names: list[str],
+    controlled_system_unit_names: list[str],
     mqtt_disable_tls: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
     state = _State(

systemctl_mqtt/_dbus/login_manager.py

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import datetime
 import getpass
 import json
 import logging
-import typing
 
 import jeepney
 import jeepney.io.blocking
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ _LOGIN_MANAGER_OBJECT_PATH = "/org/freedesktop/login1"
 _LOGIN_MANAGER_INTERFACE = "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager"
 
 
-def _get_username() -> typing.Optional[str]:
+def _get_username() -> str | None:
     try:
         return getpass.getuser()
     except OSError:

tests/dbus/message-generators/test_login_manager.py

@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ def mock_open_dbus_connection() -> typing.Iterator[unittest.mock.MagicMock]:
 )
 def test_method(
     member: str,
-    signature: typing.Optional[str],
-    kwargs: typing.Dict[str, typing.Any],
-    body: typing.Tuple[typing.Any],
+    signature: str | None,
+    kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any],
+    body: tuple[typing.Any],
 ) -> None:
     with mock_open_dbus_connection() as dbus_connection_mock:
         proxy = systemctl_mqtt._dbus.login_manager.get_login_manager_proxy()

tests/test_cli.py

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 import datetime
 import logging
-import typing
 import unittest.mock
 
 import pytest
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ import systemctl_mqtt._utils
         (["--log-level", "critical"], logging.CRITICAL),
     ],
 )
-def test__main_log_level(args: typing.List[str], log_level: int) -> None:
+def test__main_log_level(args: list[str], log_level: int) -> None:
     with unittest.mock.patch("systemctl_mqtt._run") as run_mock, unittest.mock.patch(
         "sys.argv", ["", "--mqtt-host", "mqtt-broker.local"] + args
     ):
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ def test__main(
     expected_mqtt_disable_tls,
     expected_username,
     expected_password,
-    expected_topic_prefix: typing.Optional[str],
+    expected_topic_prefix: str | None,
 ):
     # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
     with unittest.mock.patch("systemctl_mqtt._run") as run_mock, unittest.mock.patch(

tests/test_dbus.py

@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ async def _get_unit_path_mock(  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "monitored_system_unit_names", [[], ["foo.service", "bar.service"]]
 )
-async def test__dbus_signal_loop(monitored_system_unit_names: typing.List[str]) -> None:
+async def test__dbus_signal_loop(monitored_system_unit_names: list[str]) -> None:
     # pylint: disable=too-many-locals,too-many-arguments
     state_mock = unittest.mock.AsyncMock()
     with unittest.mock.patch(

tests/test_state_dbus.py

@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ async def test_publish_homeassistant_device_config(
     discovery_prefix: str,
     object_id: str,
     hostname: str,
-    monitored_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
-    controlled_system_unit_names: typing.List[str],
+    monitored_system_unit_names: list[str],
+    controlled_system_unit_names: list[str],
 ) -> None:
     with unittest.mock.patch("jeepney.io.blocking.open_dbus_connection"):
         state = systemctl_mqtt._State(